• Test Code:
    2900
  • Department:
    Molecular Genetics
  • Test Synonyms:
    Twin studies
  • CPT Code(s):
    81265
Background:

Zygosity testing is the process through which DNA sequences are compared to assess whether individuals born from a multiple gestation (twins, triplets, etc.) are monozygotic (identical) or dizygotic (fraternal).

Methodology:

PCR:  analysis for short tandem repeats for nine polymorphic loci.  Monozygosity can be excluded if both twins have inherited different polymorphic markers from their parents.  Monozygosity can be included at  > 99% if all markers tested are identical.

Specimen Requirements:

Blood: EDTA or ACD (Solution A or B):

  • Adult: 5mL
  • Child: 5mL
  • Infant: 2-3mL

Saliva: 2 ORAgene Saliva Kit(s) (OGR-500) used according to manufacturer instructions. Please contact KDL Client Services for a Saliva Collection Kit for patients that cannot provide a blood sample.

Assisted Saliva: 4 ORAgene™ Assisted Saliva Collection Kits (OGR-575) used according to manufacturer instructions. Please contact KDL Client Services for a Saliva Collection Kit for patients that cannot provide a blood sample.

Skin Fibroblast: Punch Biopsy, or 2 T-25 confluent flasks

Prenatal:

  • Direct Amniotic Fluid (10-20mL)
  • Direct CVS
  • Direct POC
  • Cultured Amnio
  • Cultured CVS (2 T-25 flasks)
  • Cultured Fetal Tissue: Product of Conception (2 T-25 flasks)
  • Cord Blood (1-2mL)

DNA: 100ng at a minimum of 50-100ng/µL (DNA must be extracted in a CLIA-certified laboratory or a laboratory meeting equivalent requirements as determined by the CAP and/or CMS)

Notice Regarding Molecular Genetic Testing on Prenatal Specimens:

Maternal cell rule-out testing will be performed on all prenatal specimens received. Please provide maternal blood (or saliva) in addition to the fetal specimen. Additional charges apply for the maternal cell rule-out test.

For routine testing of blood and saliva (or DNA extracted from these specimens), KDL does NOT accept samples from patients within two (2) weeks of a packed cell/platelet transfusion or within four (4) weeks of a whole blood transfusion.  For extraordinary circumstances, where testing must be performed within of the above windows, please contact the laboratory.

A REQUISITION FORM MUST ACCOMPANY ALL SAMPLES.  Please include detailed clinical information.

Test Performed (Days):

Weekly

Turn Around Time:

7 – 10 Days

Shipment Sensitivity Requirements:

  • Package and ship specimen to remain cold, but not frozen. 
  • Ship via overnight express, using the FedEx priority overnight label provided. 
  • Contact Client Services for shipping kits and instructions at (855) 535-1522.

References:

Additional Info:

This testing can also be medically important in the case of bone marrow and organ transplantation.  Please call Client Services at (855) 535-1522 for more information.